Phytochemical and anti-neuropathic investigations of Crocus sativus via alleviating inflammation, oxidative stress and pancreatic beta-cells regeneration

更新时间:2023-05-28

【摘要】Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the phytochemical and the long-term anti-neuropathic potentials of Crocus sativus cultivated in the University botanical garden, and explore its most bioactive compounds and their underlying mechanisms of action.Methods: Phytochemical analysis and bio-guided isolation-procedures including RP-HPLC and1 H and13 C NMR utilizing biological models of diabetes, inflammation, and diabetic-neuropathy were used. Cultivated saffron(S-RCED) and Spanish-saffron stigma(S-SP) alone or in combination with Camellia sinus(CS) were investigated.Results: The RP-HPLC analyses showed the presence of picrocrocin, crocin I, crocin II, crocin I’, crocin II’, and safranal(SAF) in both S-SP and S-RCED extracts with higher-concentrations. It had been shown that SAF was the most bioactive-compound in Crocus sativus. Both S-SP and S-RCED possessed significant(P < 0.05) anti-diabetic activities in acute(6 h), subchronic(8 d) and chronic(8 weeks) models. S-RCED had been proven with more hypoglycemic potentials when compared to S-SP and SAF. S-SP, S-RCED, and SAF produced significant anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities against carrageenan-induced inflammatory, hyperalgesic and tactile diabetic-neuropathy models, respectively. S-SP, S-RCED, and SAF elevated serum catalase, reduced glutathione, and insulin serum levels, ameliorated lipid peroxidation and Hb A1 c levels, and histopathologically regenerated the pancreatic beta-cells. Combinations with CS showed more significant efficacy than the single component.Conclusion: The oxidative stress reduction, insulin secretagogue, and pancreatic beta-cells regeneration potentials might be responsible for the mechanism underlying the anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic neuropathy activities. Thus, the cultivated Crocus sativus might be clinically useful for protecting against many serious-disorders.

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